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(R)
ACS108-5Sx
ASDTM AC LINE SWITCH
AC Switch Family
MAIN APPLICATIONS AC on-off static switching in appliance & industrial control systems Drive of low power high inductive or resistive loads like: - relay, valve, solenoid, dispenser - pump, fan, micro-motor - low power lamp bulb, door lock
s s
OUT G COM
FEATURES Blocking voltage: VDRM / VRRM = 500V Clamping voltage: VCL = 600V Nominal current: IT(RMS) = 0.8 A Gate triggering current : IGT < 10 mA Triggering current is sourced by the gate Switch integrated driver Drive reference COM connected to the SOT-223 tab BENEFITS
s s s s s s s s
TO-92 ACS108-5SA
COM OUT COM G
s
s
s
s
s
Needs no external overvoltage protection. Enables the equipment to meet IEC61000-4-5 standard. Allows straightforward connection of several SOT-223 devices on the same cooling pad. Reduces the switch component count by up to 80%. Interfaces directly with the microcontroller. Eliminates any stressing gate kick back on the microcontroller.
SOT-223 ACS108-5SN
FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM
OUT
DESCRIPTION The ACS108 belongs to the AC line switches built around the ASDTM concept. This high performance device is able to control an 0.8 A load device. The ACSTM switch embeds a high voltage clamping structure to absorb the inductive turn-off energy and a gate level shifter driver to separate the digital controller from the main switch. It is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin. For further technical information, please refer to AN1172 the Application note.
ASD and ACS are a trademarks of STMicroelectronics.
ACS108
S
ON
D
COM
G
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October 2001 - Ed: 6C
ACS108-5Sx
ABSOLUTE RATINGS (limiting values)
Symbol VDRM / VRRM IT(RMS) Parameter Repetitive peak off-state voltage RMS on-state current full cycle sine wave 50 to 60 Hz TO-92 TO-92 SOT-223 ITSM dI/dt VPP Tstg Tj Tl Non repetitive surge peak on-state current Tj initial = 25C, full cycle sine wave Critical rate of repetitive rise of on-state current IG = 20mA with tr = 100ns Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage Storage temperature range Operating junction temperature range Maximum lead temperature for soldering during 10s Tj = 125 C Tlead = 75 C Tamb = 60 C Tamb = 75 C F =50 Hz F =60 Hz F =120 Hz note 1 Value 500 0.8 0.3 0.8 7.3 8 100 2 - 40 to + 150 - 30 to + 125 260 Unit V A A A A A A/s kV C C C
Note 1: according to test described by IEC61000-4-5 standard & Figure 3.
SWITCH GATE CHARACTERISTICS (maximum values)
Symbol PG (AV) IGM VGM Peak gate current (tp = 20s) Peak positive gate voltage (respect to the pin COM) Parameter Average gate power dissipation Value 0.1 1 5 Unit W A V
THERMAL RESISTANCES
Symbol Rth (j-a) Rth (j-l) Rth (j-t) Junction to ambient Junction to lead for full AC line cycle conduction Junction to tab for full AC line cycle conduction Parameter TO-92 SOT-223 (*) TO-92 SOT-223 Value 150 60 60 25 Unit C/W C/W C/W C/W
(*) : with 5cm2 copper (e=35m) surface under tab
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS For either positive or negative polarity of pin OUT voltage respect to pin COM voltage excepted note 3
Symbol IGT VGT VGD IH IL VTM IDRM IRRM dV/dt (dI/dt)c (dI/dt)c* VCL VOUT=12V VOUT=12V Test Conditions RL=140 RL=140 Tj=25C Tj=25C Tj=125C Tj=25C Tj=25C tp=500s Tj=25C Tj=25C Tj=125C Tj=110C Tj=110C (note 3) Tj=110C Tj=25C MAX. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX. IG= 20mA IOUT = 1.1A VOUT = VDRM VOUT = VRRM VOUT=400V gate open (dV/dt)c=10V/s (dV/dt)c = 15V/s Iout < 0 ICL = 1mA tp=1ms TYP. MAX. MAX. MAX. MAX. MIN. MIN. MIN. TYP. Values 10 1 0.15 25 60 30 65 1.3 2 200 500 0.1 0.3 600 Unit mA V V mA mA mA mA V A A V/s A/ms A/ms V
VOUT=VDRM RL=3.3k IOUT= 100mA gate open
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ACS108-5Sx
AC LINE SWITCH BASIC APPLICATION The ACS108 device is well adapted to washing machines, dishwashers, tumble driers, refrigerators, water heaters and cookware. It has been especially designed to switch ON and OFF low power loads such as solenoids, valves, relays, dispensers, micro-motors, fans, pumps, door locks and low power lamp bulbs. Pin COM: Common drive reference to connect to the power line neutral Pin G: Switch Gate input to connect to the digital controller through the resistor Pin OUT: Switch Output to connect to the Load The ACSTM switch is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin G. It can be driven directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown on the typical application diagram. No protection devices are required between the gates and common terminals. The SOT-223 version allows several ACS108 devices to be connected on the same cooling PCB pad which is the COM pin : this cooling pad can be then reduced, and the printed circuit layout is simplified. In appliance systems, the ACS108 switch intends to drive low power load in full cycle ON / OFF mode. The turn off commutation characteristics of these loads can be classified in 3 groups as shown in Table 1. Thanks to its thermal and turn-off commutation characteristics, the ACS108 switch drives a load, such as door lock, lamp, relay, valve and micro motor, up to 0.2 A without any turn-off aid circuit. Switching off the ACS within one full AC line cycle will extend its current up to 0.8 A on resistive load.
Table 1: Load grouping versus their turn off commutation requirement (230V AC applications).
LOAD Door Lock Lamp Relay Valve Dispenser Micro-motor Pump Fan Load IRMS Current (A) < 0.3 < 0.8 < 0.1 1 1 > 0.7 POWER FACTOR (dI/dt)c (A/ms) 0.15 0.4 < 0.05 (dV/dt)c (V/s) 0.15 0.15 <5 TURN-FF DELAY (ms) <10 < 20 < 10
< 0.2 < 0.6
> 0.2 > 0.2
< 0.1 < 0.3
< 10 < 10
< 10 < 20
TYPICAL APPLICATION DIAGRAM
L
LOAD
AC MAINS
N
L R
OUT
S
ON
ACS108
D
COM
G
ST 72 MCU
- Vcc
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ACS108-5Sx
HIGH INDUCTIVE SWITCH-OFF OPERATION At the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current reaches the holding current level IH, and the ACSTM switch turns off. Because of the inductance L of the load, the current flows through the avalanche diode D and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is limited to the clamping voltage VCL. The energy stored in the inductance of the load depends on the holding current IH and the inductance (up to 10 H); it can reach about 20 mJ and is dissipated in the clamping section that is especially designed for that purpose. Fig. 1: Turn-off operation of the ACS108 switch with an electro valve: waveform of the gate current IG, pin OUT current IOUT & voltage VOUT.
IOUT (10 mA/div)
Fig. 2: ACS108 switch static characteristic.
IOUT
VCL = 650V
IH
IH VOUT VCL
VOUT (200V/div)
Time
(400s/div)
AC LINE TRANSIENT VOLTAGE RUGGEDNESS The ACS108 switch is able to safely withstand the AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes or by breaking over under high energy shocks. The test circuit in Figure 4 is representative of the final ACSTM application and is also used to stress the ACSTM switch according to the IEC61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load, the ACSTM switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak line voltage. It will break over safely even on resistive load where the turn-on current rise is high as shown in Figure 4. Such non-repetitive testing can be done 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity. Fig. 3: Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads according to IEC61000-4-5 standard. R = 150, L = 5H, VPP = 2kV. Fig. 4: Current and voltage of the ACSTM during IEC61000-4-5 standard test with a 150 - 10H load & VPP = 2kV.
Vout (200 V/div)
R
L
Iout (2 A/div)
OUT
AC LINE & SURGE VOLTAGE GENERATOR
S
ACSxx
ON
VAC + VPP
D
dI/dt = 100 A/s
COM
G
RG= 220
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ACS108-5Sx
Fig. 5: Maximum power dissipation versus RMS on-state current. Fig. 6: RMS on-state current versus ambient temperature.
P(W) 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0
1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0
IT(RMS)(A)
ACS108-5SA (TO92, Tamb=Tlead) ACS108-5SN with 5cm copper surface under tab
ACS108-5SA (TO92)
IT(RMS)(A) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
Tamb(C)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
Fig. 7-1: Relative variation of thermal impedance junction to ambient versus pulse duration (ACS108-5SA) (TO-92).
Fig. 7-2: Relative variation of thermal impedance junction to ambient versus pulse duration (ACS108-5SN) (SOT-223).
Zth(j-a) / Rth(j-a) 1.00
1.00
Zth(j-a) / Rth(j-a)
0.10
0.10
tp(s) 0.01 1E-3 1E-2 1E-1 1E+0 1E+1 1E+2 5E+2
0.01 1E-3 1E-2 1E-1
tp(s) 1E+0 1E+1 1E+2 5E+2
Fig. 8: Relative variation of gate trigger current versus junction temperature.
Fig. 9: Relative variation of holding and latching current versus junction temperature.
IGT [Tj] / IGT [Tj=25C] 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 Tj(C) 0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
IH,IL [Tj] / IH,IL [Tj=25C] 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 -40 -20 0 20 Tj(C) 40 60 80 100 120 140
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ACS108-5Sx
Fig. 10: Non repetitive surge peak on-state current versus number of cycles. Fig. 11: Non-repetitive surge peak on-state current for a sinusoidal pulse with width tp<10ms, and corresponding value of I2t.
ITSM(A) 9 8 7 6 5 4 Tamb=25C 3 Repetitive 2 1 Number of cycles 0 1 10
ITSM(A),It(As) 100.0
ITSM
t=20ms
Tj initial=25C
One cycle
Tj initial=25C Non repetitive
10.0
1.0
It
tp(ms)
100
1000
0.1 0.01
0.10
1.00
10.00
Fig. 12: On-state characteristics (maximum values).
Fig. 13: Thermal resistance junction to ambient versus copper surface under tab (Epoxy printed circuit board FR4, copper thickness: 35m).
ITM(A) 5.00 1.00
0.10
Tj max.: Vto = 0.9 V Rd = 300 m
VTM(V) 0.01 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6
Rth(j-a) (C/W) 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5
S(Cu) (cm) 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
Fig. 14: Relative variation of critical (dI/dt)c versus junction temperature.
(dI/dt)c [Tj] / (dI/dt)c [Tj=110C] 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 Tj(C) 0.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
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ACS108-5Sx
ORDERING INFORMATION
ACS
1
08
-
5
S
A
-TR
AC Switch
Switch Number
VDRM 5 = 500V
A = TO-92 N = SOT-223 -TR = SOT-223 Tape & Reel
ITRMS 08 = 0.8A
Gate Sensitivity S = 10mA
PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA SOT-223 DIMENSIONS REF. Millimeters Inches Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. A 1.80 A1 0.02 0.10 0.001 B 0.60 0.70 0.85 0.024 0.027 B1 2.90 3.00 3.15 0.114 0.118 c 0.24 0.26 0.35 0.009 0.010 D 6.30 6.50 6.70 0.248 0.256 e 2.3 0.090 e1 4.6 0.181 E 3.30 3.50 3.70 0.130 0.138 H 6.70 7.00 7.30 0.264 0.276 V 10 max
A A1 B e1 D B1
PIN 1 2 3 DESCRIPTION GATE DRAIN BASE
c V
COLLECTOR
SOURCE EMITTER DRAIN COLLECTOR
Max. 0.071 0.004 0.033 0.124 0.014 0.264
4
HE
4
1
2
3
0.146 0.287
e
PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA SOT-223
Recommended soldering pattern SOT-223
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ACS108-5Sx
PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA TO-92 (Plastic)
DIMENSIONS REF.
A a B C
Millimeters Min. Typ. 1.35 4.70 2.54 4.40 12.70 3.70 0.45 0.173 0.500 Max. Min.
Inches Typ. 0.053 0.185 0.100 Max.
A B C D E
F
D
E
F a
0.146 0.017
OTHER INFORMATION
Ordering type ACS108-5SA ACS108-5SA-TR ACS108-5SN Marking ACS08/5S ACS08/5S ACS/085S Package TO-92 TO-92 SOT-223 Weight 0.2 g 0.2 g 0.12 g Base qty 2500 2000 1000 Delivery mode Bulk Tape & reel Tape & reel
Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics.
The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics (c) 2001 STMicroelectronics - Printed in Italy - All rights reserved. STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - China - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Italy - Japan - Malaysia Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - U.S.A. http://www.st.com 8/8
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